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Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes, formerly called adult-onset or noninsulin-dependent diabetes, is the most common form of diabetes. People can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even at childhood. Being overweight and inactive increases one’s chances of developing type 2 diabetes.

If you have type 2 diabetes, your body cannot make enough insulin or correctly use it. This type of diabetes can often be controlled by the food you eat and regular physical activity. Some people may also need to take diabetes medication or insulin.

Some symptoms of type 2 diabetes may include:

  • Any of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes
  • Increased number of infections
  • Cuts or bruises that heal slowly
  • Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
  • Skin, gum or bladder infections that keep coming back

Diabetes can lead to problems with vision, kidneys, and how well your blood circulates, especially to the lower legs and feet. Most people who have diabetes have type 2 diabetes, the kind that tends to come in middle age. Finding and treating diabetes early can cut your risk for these problems.

The chances of getting the most common type of diabetes—type 2 diabetes—increase once you reach age 45. Almost 1 in 5 people aged 65-74 has diabetes.

You may need a blood test for diabetes if you:

  • Have a family member with diabetes.
  • Are overweight.
  • Have had diabetes during pregnancy.

If You Have Diabetes

Ask your health care provider when you need checkups, tests, and vaccines:

  • Eye and dental exams.
  • Blood pressure and cholesterol checks.
  • Blood sugar (glucose) checks.
  • Yearly flu shots.

Ask your health care provider about ways to prevent problems:

  • What is the right weight for me? Try to stay at that weight.
  • What kinds and amounts of food are right for me?
  • If you take medicine for diabetes: How much medicine should I take? When should I take it?
  • If you smoke: What can I do that will help me stop smoking?
  • How should I take care of my feet? How do I check for loss of feeling in my feet? If there is loss of feeling, you should report it to your doctor.

See also:

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